These solutions are not only based on nature, but nature itself is at work, i.e. natural solutions. They are also highly dependent on effective management and equitable governance of ecosystems.
 
While recognizing the effects of climate change on protected areas, there is a need to consider how protected areas can be part of the solution through the way protected area systems are planned and managed to maintain their ecosystem functions. There is also a need to consider how protected area systems and their management agencies could integrate their work into overall climate change strategies at national or regional level.
 
Regarding Ecosystem-based Adaptation in particular, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has defined it as "the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of a comprehensive adaptation strategy to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change".
 
Concerning Madagascar, three large protected areas of forest corridors have been designed as "avoided deforestation" carbon projects in the scope of mitigation. Several initiatives on Ecosystem-based Adaptation have been carried out in different sectors. Madagascar's EbA[1] objective was mainly to support the integration of the approach into the National Adaptation Plan.

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